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GERMAN SETTLEMENTS AND IMMIGRANTS IN

VIRGINIA: A BIBLIOGRAPHY

Compiled By KLAUS WUST

This bibliography of books, pamphlets and articles is a by-product of

almost twenty years of research into the history and the acculturation

process of the German element in Virginia and neighboring states to the

west and south. An attempt has been made to include not only material

specifically dealing with the Germans and German-Swiss but also writings

of local and church historians containing a good deal of information on

the German segment of the population. The 328 entries have been arranged

according to subjects and periods in order to increase the usefulness of

this compilation for students of particular topics. A selective process was

necessitated both by reasons of space and by the decision to concentrate

on such printed sources as are accessible either in the larger libraries of

Virginia or in the Library of Congress and the New York Public Library.

Items of the following types were generally omitted:

1. Virginia German imprints not containing historical or related

information;

2. Family histories and genealogical material;

3. Local historical material of secondary interest to students of

German immigration. (This applies particularly to the Shenan-

doah Valley for which a general bibliography is being prepared

by the Shenandoah Valley Folklore Society in Harrisionburg.)

4. Synodical and conference minutes of the Lutheran and Reformed

churches.

5. Constitutions and by-laws of German fraternal societies.

6. Newspaper articles containing information available in other pub-

lished items.

For printed sources on the general background of German immigration

and settlement in the United States, the user of this list is referred to the

following major bibliographical compilations:

Emil Meynen, Bibliography on German Settlements in Colonial North

America (Leipzig, 1937).

Henry A. Pochmann and Arthur R. Schultz, Bibliography of German

Culture in America to 1940 (Madison, Wis., 1953).

"Bibliography Americana Germanica," published annually for 1941-

1966 in The American-German Review, for 1967 ff., in The

German Quarterly.

Dieter Cunz, " Bibliography," in The Maryland Germans (Princeton,

N. J., 1948), 439-49.

Further information, particularly on manuscript sources and unpublished

documents, will be available from the annotations of a comprehensive his-

[ 47 ]

tory, Klaus Wust, The Virginia Germans, to be published within the next

months by The University Press of Virginia.

The following abbreviations have been used:

AGR—American German Review.

ECK— " 'S Pennsylvaanisch Deitsch Eck," publ. weekly in the Allen-

town Morning Call, reprinted regularly for libraries, ed. by

Preston A. Barba.

NGSQ — National Genealogical Society Quarterly.

SHGM — The Report, Society for the History of the Germans in

Maryland.

VB — " Virginische Blätter," column on German source material

in Washington Journal, Jan. 21-Nov. 25, 1966, ed. by

Klaus Wust.

VMHB — Virginia Magazine of History and Biography.

WMQ — William and Mary Quarterly.

[ 4 8 ]

I. GERMANS IN VIRGINIA —General

Faust, Albert B., " The Germans in Virginia,"

in Faust, The German Element in the

United States, Second ed., (New York,

1927) I, 177-211.

Kaufmann, Wilhelm, "Auf alten deutschen

Spuren in Virginien," Deutsch-Amerikani-

sche Geschichtsblätter VIII (1908) 9-15.

Smith, Elmer L., John G. Stewart and M.

Ellsworth Kyger, The Pennsylvania Ger-

mans of the Shenandoah Valley (Allen-

town, Pa., 1964).

Schuricht, Herrmann, History of the German

Element in Virginia, I (Baltimore, 1898),

II (Baltimore, 1900). [Issued as appen-

dices to The Report, Society for the His-

tory of the Germans in Maryland, Vol. I

in XI and XII, Vol. II in XIII and XIV.]

Wayland, John W., The German Element of

the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia (Char-

lottesville, Va., 1907).

——— ————, " The Germans of the Valley,"

VMHB, IX (1901-2) 337-52; X (1902-3)

33-48, 113-30.

———— ————," The Pennsylvania German in

the Valley of Virginia," The Pennsylvania

German X (1909) 1-78.

Wust, Klaus, " Settlement and Acculturation

of Germans in Western Virginia," Year

Book 1966, American Philosophical Society

(Philadelphia, 1967) 560-2.

II. COLONIAL IMMIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT

A. 17th Century Forerunners

Barbour, Philip L., "The Identity of the

First Poles in America," WMQ 3rd ser,

XXI (1964) 77-94.

Carrier, Lyman, " The Veracity of John

Lederer," WMQ 2nd ser., XIX (1939)

435-45.

Gumming, William P. (ed), The Discoveries

of John Lederer with Unpublished Letters

by and about Lederer to Governor John

Winthrop, Jr. (Charlottesville, Va., 1958).

Cnnz, Dieter, " John Lederer, Significance and

Evaluation," WMQ 2nd ser., XXII (1942)

175-85.

Heck, Earl L. W., Augustine Herman, Be-

ginner of the Virginia Tobacco Trade, Mer-

chant of New Amsterdam and First Lord

of Bohemia Manor in Maryland (Engle-

wood, Ohio, 1941).

Keach, 0. A. "The Hack Family," Tyler's

Quarterly VII (1925) 253-62.

[Lederer, John], The Discoveries of John

Lederer . . . Collected and Translated out

of Latin from His Discourse and Writings

by Sir William Talbot (London, 1672).

Reprinted: (Charleston, S. C., 1891), and

(Rochester, N. Y., 1902).

Rattermann, Heinrich A., " Der Erste Erfor-

scher des Alleghany-Gebirges Johannes

Lederer," Der Deutsche Pionier VIII (Cin-

cinnati, 1877) 399-407, 456-60, 484-95.

Wust, Klaus, " German Craftsmen in James-

town," AGR, XXIII (1957) iv, 10-11.

B. German and Swiss Emigration Schemes

Adams, Percy C., " Real Author of William

Byrd's Natural History of Virginia," Amer-

ican Literature XXVIII (1956) 211-20.

[Byrd, William], Neu-refundenes Eden, Oder

ausführlicher Bericht van Süd- und Nord-

Carolina, Pensilphania, Mary-Land & Vir-

ginia ([Bern], 1737).

[——— ————], William Byrd's Natural His-

tory of Virginia or the Newly Discovered

Eden, ed. and transl. by Richmond Crown

Beatty and William J. Mulloy (Richmond,

1940). [German original on pp. 96-202.]

Graf, J. H., " Franz Michel von Bern und

seine ersten Reisen nach Amerika 1701-

1704," Neues Berner Taschenbuch auf das

Jahr 1898 (Bern, 1897) 59-144.

Keller, Hans G., " Christoph von Graffenried

und die Gründung von Neu-Bern in Nord-

Carolina," Archiv des Historischen Vereins

des Kantons Bern XLII (1953) 251-90.

Kemper, Charles E. (ed), " Documents Re-

lating to Early Projected Swiss Colonies in

the Valley of Virginia, 1706-1709," VMHB,

XXIX (1921), 1-17, 180-82.

———— ——— (ed), " Documents Relating to

a Proposed Swiss and German Colony in

the Western Part of Virginia," VMHB,

XXIX (1921) 183-90, 287-91.

Michel Franz, " Report of the Journey of

F. L. Michel from Berne, Switzerland, to

Virginia, Oct. 2, 1701-Dec. 1, 1702," transl.

by William J. Hinke, VMHB, XXIV

(1916) 1-43, 113-41.

Milbourne, Anne V. Strickler (ed), " Colony

West of the Blue Ridge Proposed by Jacob

[ 49 ]

Stauber and Others, 1731 etc.," VMHB,

XXXV (1927) 175-90, 258-66; XXXVI

(1928) 54-70.

Risch, Erna, " Encouragement of Immigration

as Revealed in Colonial Legislation,"

VMHB, XLV (1937) 1-10.

Todd, Vincent H. (ed), Christoph Van Graf-

fenried's Account of the Founding of New

Bern (Raleigh, N. C., 1920).

Williams, Lloyd H., " The Tragic Shipwreck

of the Protestant Switzers," WMQ 3rd ser.,

IX (1952) 539-42.

a. Spotsylvania and Orange Counties

" Wahrhaffte Nachricht von einer Hochteut-

schen Evangelischen Colonie zu German-

town, In Nord-Virginien hi America, und

derselben Dringendliches Ansuchen an Ihre

Glaubens-Genossen in Europa," Extra-

ordinare Kayserliche Reichs-Post-Zeitung

(Frankfurt) June 15, 1720.

[Wahrhaffte Nachricht], "North Virginia

Church History," (English transl.) The

Perkiomen Region Past and Present II

(Philadelphia, 1900) 14-6.

Cappon, Lester J. (ed), Iron Works at

Tubatt: Terms and Conditions for Their

Lease as Stated by Alexander Spotswood

(Charlottesville, Va., 1945).

Embrey, Alvin T., " The German in Freder-

icksburg's History, 1669-1702-1776," in

Embrey, History of Fredericksburg, Vir-

ginia (Richmond, 1937) pp. 16-27.

Graffenried, Christoph von, " The Graffen-

ried Manuscripts," ed. by Albert B. Faust,

German-American Annals XI (Philadel-

phia, 1913) 205-312; XII (1914) 63-190.

Hartnack, Karl, " Die erste Niederlassung

von Siegerlandern in den Vereinigten

Staaten," Siegerland VIII (Siegen, 1926)

49-52.

Hinke, William J., " The First German Re-

formed Colony in Virginia: 1714-1750,"

Journal of the Presbyterian Historical So-

ciety II (1903) 1-17, 98-110, 140-50.

———— ————, "The 1714 Colony of Ger-

manna, Virginia," VMHB, XL (1932)

317-27; XLI (1933) 41-9.

Holtzclaw, B. C., Ancestry and Descendants

of the Nassau-Siegen Immigrants to Vir-

ginia 1714-1750 (Harrisonburg, Va., 1964)

[Publ. as Germanna Record No. 5].

Luck, Alfred, Eisen, Erg und Abenteuer

(Siegen, 1955).

Mannhart, Emil, " Der Ursprung Germanna's,

der ersten deutschen Niederlassung in Vir-

ginien," Deutsch-Amerikanische Geschichts-

blatter II (1903) 28-32.

Vann, Elizabeth, and M. C. D. Dixon, Vir-

ginia's First German Colony (Richmond,

1961).

Wayland, John W., Germanna: Outpost of

Adventure 1714-1956 (Harrisonburg, Va.,

1956).

b. Fauquier County

Hackley, W. B., "The Original Survey of

German Town," Germanna Record II

(1962) 5-10.

———— ————, " The Plat of Germantown,"

Germanna Record II (1962) 77-81.

Harrison, Fairfax, " Germantown," in Harri-

son, Landmarks of Old Prince William

(Richmond, 1924) I, 207-21.

Holtzclaw, B. C., " Germantown Revisited,"

Germanna Record II (1962) 11-76.

Kemper, Charles E., "The History of Ger-

mantown," Bulletin, Fauquier Historical

Society II (1922) 125-33.

[Kemper, Charles E. (ed.)], "Count Orders

from Orange County Naturalizing Ger-

mans," VMHB, XII (1904) 76-7.

Kemper, James, "Life's Review," in Willis

M. Kemper and Harry L. Wright, Geneal-

ogy of the Kemper Family in the United

States (Chicago, 1899), pp. 38-40.

c. Madison County

Carpenter, Delma R., " The Germanna

Colony of 1717: Madison County, Vir-

ginia," Germanna Reunion IV (1960) 15-8.

Hinke, William J. (ed), "The Germans in

Madison County, Virginia. Documents

Bearing on Then- History," VMHB, XIV

(1906) 186-70.

Holtzclaw, B. C., The Second Germanna

Colony of 1717, Other Germanna Pioneers,

The So-Called Third Germanna Colony of

1719, and Later Comers to the Hebron

Church Community (Harrisonburg, Va.,

1965). [Publ. as Germanna Record No. 6]

Keith, Arthur Leslie, " The German Colony

of 1717," VMHB, XXVI (1917-8) 79-95,

178-95, 234-49.

Stoever, Johann Caspar, Sr., Kurtze Nach-

richt von einer Evangelisch-Lutherischen

Deutschen Gemeinde in dem Americani-

schen Virginien, und zwar an den eusser-

sten Grentzen des Ammts Spotsilvanien

wohnend (Hanover, 1737).

d. Culpeper and Loudoun Counties

Goodhart, Briscoe, " The German Settlement.

Early History of this Interesting Section

of Loudoun County," Telephone (Hamil-

ton, Va.) Jan. 26 & Feb. 2, 1900.

C. Piedmont Settlement

[ 50 ]

——— ————, " The Pennsylvania Germans

in Loudoun County, Virginia," The Penn-

sylvania German IX (1908) 125-83.

Holtzclaw, B. C., " The Little Fork Colony.

The Second Colony from Nassau-Siegen

near Jeffersonton, Culpeper County, Va."

Oermanna Reunion IV (1960) 5-14, 19-24.

[Irion, Jacob], " Jacob Irion schreibt aus Cul-

peper County an seine Pfälzer Familie

1766," ed. by Haus Wust, 15-16 VB May

12, 27, 1966.

D. Valley Settlement

a. Shenandoah Valley — General

Chalkley, Lyman, " Before the Gates of the

Wilderness Road," VMHB, XXX (1922)

183-202.

——— ————, Chronicles of the Scotch-Irish

Settlements in Virginia, Extracted from the

Original County Records of Augusta

County, 1746-1800, 3 vols. (Rosslyn, Va.,

1912).

Hays, Kizzie, " Glimpses of Pioneer Life in

the Shenandoah Valley," Penn-Germania I

(1912) 695-6.

Kemper, Charles E., " Early Westward

Movement, 1722-1734," VMHB, XII

(1904-5) 337-52; XIII (1905-6) 1-6, 113-

38, 281-97, 351-74.

——— ———, " The Settlement of the Val-

ley," VMHB, XXX (1922) 169-82.

——— ————, " Valley of Virginia Notes,"

VMHB, XXX (1922) 398-402; XXXI

(1923) 245-52.

Kercheval, Samuel, A History of the Valley

of Virginia (Winchester, Va., 1833).

[Strasburg, Va., 1925]

Nachricht van der Provinz Virginien in Nord-

America (Frankfurt, 1772).

Wayland, John W., "Shenandoah Valley

Chronology," Rockingham Recorder I

(1946) 157-77; II (1958-61) 103-11, 163-

81, 240-69.

———— ————, Twenty-Five Chapters on the

Shenandoah Valley (Strasburg, Va., 1957).

——— ————, Virginia Valley Records

(Strasburg, Va., 1930).

b. Frederick County

Cartmell, T. K., Shenandoah Valley Pioneers

and Their Descendants: A History of

Frederick County from Its Formation in

1738 to 1908 (Winchester, Va., 1909).

Gruber, M. A., "Early German Settlement

of Winchester," The Pennsylvania German

V (Lebanon, Pa., 1904) 93-4.

Laidley, W. S., " Catarina Beierlein," West

Virginia Historical Magazine Quarterly IV

(1904) 19-21.

——— ————, "Jost Kite, Pioneer of the

Shenandoah Valley, 1732," West Virginia

Historical Magazine Quarterly III (1903)

99-118.

Morton, [Oren] Frederick, The Story of Win-

chester in Virginia (Strasburg, Va., 1925).

Norris, J. E., History of the Lower Shenan-

doah Valley Counties of Frederick, Berke-

ley, Jefferson and Clarke (Chicago, 1890).

Quarles, Garland R., The Churches of Win-

chester, Virginia: A Brief History of Those

Established prior to 1886 (Winchester, Va.,

1960).

Smyth, S. Gordon, "Hans Joest Heydt, the

Story of a Perkiomen Pioneer," The Penn-

sylvania German X (1909) 330-8.

" Transcript of the Record in the Suit of

the Representatives of Joist Hite and

Robert Green Against the R. Hon. Thomas,

Lord Fairfax, and Others [Excerpts], in

Josiah Look Dickinson, The Fairfax Pro-

prietary (Front Royal, Va., 1959), pp. i-

lvii.

c. Shenandoah County

Cadden, Virginia H., et al., The Story of

Strasburg (Strasburg, Va., 1961).

Haun, Eleanor Grabill (ed), Woodstock Bi-

centennial (Woodstock, Va., 1952).

Wayland, John W., A History of Shenan-

doah County, Virginia (Strasburg, Va.,

1927).

Wust, Klaus, " Jacob Funk—Landspekulant

am Shenandoah und Potomac," 23 VB

Aug. 19, 1966.

d. Page County

Kemper, C. E., " Adam Mueller, First White

Settler in the Valley of Virginia," VMHB,

X (1902) 84-5.

Miller, Lizzie B., "First Settler in the Val-

ley," WMQ 1st ser. IX (1900) 132-3.

Strickler, Harry M., Massanutten, Settled by

the Pennsylvania Pilgrim 1786 (Strasburg,

Va., 1924).

———— ———, A Short History of Page

County, Virginia (Richmond, 1952).

e. Rockingham County

Carr, Maria G., My Recollections of Rock-

town, now Known as Harrisonburg (Har-

risonburg, Va., 1959).

Wayland, John W., " The Germans in Rock-

ingham County," Penn Germania III

1914) 162-72.

———— ————, Historic Harrisonburg (Staun-

ton, Va., 1949).

——— ————, A History of Rockingham

County, Virginia (Dayton, Va., 1912).

[ 51 ]

f. Augusta and Highland Counties

Kemper, Charles E., " Historical Notes from

the Records of Augusta County, Virginia,"

Papers and Addresses of the Lancaster

County Historical Society XXV (1921)

89-92, 147-55.

Morton, Oren F., A History of Highland

County, Virginia (Monterey, Va., 1911).

Waddell, Joseph A., Annals of Augusta

County from 1736 to 1871 (Staunton, Va.,

1902).

g. Southwestern Virginia

Eisenberg, William Edward, "Early Luth-

erans in Western Virginia," Journal of the

Roanoke Historical Society IV (1967) No.

1, 34-8.

Harrison, Fairfax, " The Virginians on the

Ohio and Mississippi in 1742," VMHB,

XXX (1922) 203-22. [John Peter Saling's

Journal pp. 211-22]

Heavener, U. S. A., German New River Set-

tlement—Virginia (s. 1., 1929).

Hess, F. W., "Johann Sailing, der deutsche

Indianer," Der Deutsche Pionier IX (Cin-

cinnati, 1877) 401-8.

Kegley, Frederick Bittle, Kegliey's Virginia

Frontier, The Beginnings of the Southwest

(Roanoke, Va., 1938).

Norona, Delf (ed), " Joshua Fry's Report on

the Back Settlements of Virginia," VMHB,

LVI (1948) 22-41.

Saling, John Peter, " A Brief Account of the

Travels of John Peter Salley, A German

Who Lives in the County of Augusta, Vir-

ginia," in William M. Darlington, Chris-

topher Gist's Journals (Pittsburgh, 1893)

253-60.

Stalnaker, Leo, Captain Samuel Stalnaker,

Colonial Soldier and Early Pioneer

(Tampa, Fla., 1938).

Ston